• Verbs describe an action or a state of being
• Verbs must agree with their subject in Person and Number (examples) – this is done with inflection in Greek, i.e. the personal endings on verbs.
• Verbs have Person, Number, Tense, Mood and Voice (parse in this order)
  • Person: 1st, 2nd or 3rd
  • Number: Singular or Plural
  • Tense: Present, Imperfect, Future, Aorist, Perfect and Pluperfect (includes both Time and Aspect – more on this below)
  • Mood = the relationship between the verb and reality, e.g. is it a statement of fact, something probable, something desired, a command, etc., or you could say, “something that is” “something that may be” etc.
    • Finite: Indicative, Subjunctive, Optative, Imperative (we will have only the Indicative Mood this semester)
    • Infinite (verbal noun), e.g. “to go”
  • Voice: Active, Middle, Passive – relationship between the verb and the subject, e.g. the subject did the action, or the action was done to the subject, or…
• Tense includes Time and Aspect (Do not confuse “Tense” and “Time”)
  • Time – when the action occurred, from the point of view of the speaker or writer
  • Aspect – what type of action the verb describes:
    • Simple (undefined) “I eat”
    • Continuous (imperfective) “I am eating”
    • Completed (perfective) “I have eaten” NOTE: Completed can be punctiliar (snapshot) – must determine by context NOTE: We can express the same verb, with the aspects above, in a different time (“I ate” “I was eating” “I had eaten”)

Greek Present Indicative Active

• Exegetical Insight – p. 129 ἐγώ εἰμι (subject is implicit in Greek verb, when stated explicitly, is is often for emphasis)
• Consist of Present Tense Stem, Connecting Vowel and Personal Ending

Assignments

• Continue your life habit of reading Greek aloud from the Greek New Testament
• Quiz next week on chapter 15
• Study chapters 15 and 16, and begin workbook exercise 16
• Lexical Aids: Read Part I pp.1-8 and know all words with NT occurrences > 500. Pay special attentive to the derivatives

The Lord’s Prayer

Πάτερ ἡμῶν ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς·
ἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνομά σου·
ἐλθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου·
γενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου,
   ὡς ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς·
τὸν ἄρτον ἡμῶν τὸν ἐπιούσιον δὸς ἡμῖν σήμερον·
καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰ ὀφειλήματα ἡμῶν,
   ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀφήκαμεν τοῖς ὀφειλέταις ἡμῶν·
καὶ μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμόν,
   ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ.
ὅτι σοῦ ἐστιν ἡ βασιλεία καὶ ἡ δύναμις καὶ ἡ δοξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας.
ἀμήν.