Punctuation

• , = comma
• . = period
• · (dot above line) = semi-colon (half of a colon)
• ; = question mark

Diacritical Marks

• Diaeresis (derivative, διαιρέσις, from διαιρέω + “to cleave in twain”)
• Apostrophe (derivative αποστροφή = “a turning back”)
• Breathing Marks (rough and smooth)
• Accents

Accents – Read Smyth on Accents

• Acute –
• Grave
• Circumflex
• Learn the 4 Rules of Accent (4.4, pp. 20-21)

Syllabification – Read Smyth on Syllables

Intuitive for the most part, mainly the same as English, thus should be mostly second nature

1. One vowel (or diphthong) per syllable
   • no silent vowels
   • hence, consecutive vowels, which are not diphthongs, are divided
2. Consonants usually go with following vowels
   • Single consonants go with following vowels
   • Consonant clusters stay together if they can be pronounced together (could they begin a word?), and go with the following vowels
3. Consonants which divide:
   • Cannot be pronounced together
   • Double consonants
4. Compound words divide (they would almost always anyway, following the basic rules)

Vocabulary

• Only 5437 words in New Testament, you have only to learn 319 to know 80% of total words
• After each new vocabulary word, you will be told how many occurrences in Greek NT
• Metzger’s Lexical Aids is arranged to teach vocabulary in order of frequency.
• Correction to Mounce on terminology: Cognates and Derivatives p. 18 ff.
  • From the Introduction to Smyth’s Greek Grammar, Section B.

    “B. Greek is related to the languages of the Indians (Sanskrit), Persians (Zend), Armenians, Albanians, Slavonians, Lituanians, Romans, Celts, and Germans. These various languages are all of the same stock, and together constitute the Indo-European family of languages. an important relation of Greek to English, which is a branch of the Germanic tongue is illustrated by Grimm’s law of the ‘permutation of consonants’: |πατήρ father|τρεῖς three|δύο two|ἀγρός acre|φέρω bear|θύρᾱ door| The above English words are said to be cognate with the Greek words. Derived words, such as geography, theatre, are borrowed, directly or indirectly from the Greek (γεωγραφίᾱ, θέᾱτρον )”

  • Refer to chart of cognates from previous lecture
  • See also Metzger’s Lexical Aids, pp. 77-78
• Review Chapter 4 vocabulary, consider derivatives

Assigments

• Continue to read Greek out loud! Read the passage in workbook exercise 4. Check out Dr. Mounce’s reading for help and encouragement with this.
• Workbook exercise 4 on Syllabification, and Review on chapters 1-4
• Prepare for quiz next week on everything through chapter 4 (up to chapter 5)
• Read and study chapter 5 and 6 on Nouns, Nominative and Accusative cases, and the definite article.

The Lord’s Prayer

Πάτερ ἡμῶν ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς·
ἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνομά σου·
ἐλθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου·
γενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου,
   ὡς ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς·
τὸν ἄρτον ἡμῶν τὸν ἐπιούσιον δὸς ἡμῖν σήμερον·
καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰ ὀφειλήματα ἡμῶν,
   ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀφήκαμεν τοῖς ὀφειλέταις ἡμῶν·
καὶ μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμόν,
   ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ.
ὅτι σοῦ ἐστιν ἡ βασιλεία καὶ ἡ δύναμις καὶ ἡ δοξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας.
ἀμήν.